Impamvu sosiyete Sobolirwa yahombye?
Abanyagitugu bo mu butegetsi bafata ideni batazuyaje amabanki agahomba.Nigute wavuga Nzirorera muri MRND ugasiga Gahima muri FPR.Abakera bati:Ingoma nizimwe hatandukana abakaraza. Nigute watandukanya Nzirorera wa MRND na Gahima wa FPR?
Ideni Sobolirwa yari ifitiye BRD ryarishyuwe cyangwa ntiryishyuwe?Mu Rwanda aanyabubasha bahombya amabanki kuko ntawatinyuka kubavuga.
Abanyabubasha bo hambere muri MRND aribo Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera bashinze uruganda rwengaga ibinyobwa bidasindisha arirwo Sobolirwa bikaba byari mu 1987. Zigiranyirazo Protais uretse kuba yari Perefe wa Perefegitire ya Ruhengeli yari na muramu wa Perezida Habyarimana ,undi bayishinganye ariwe Nzirorera Joseph yari Minisitri w’imirimo ya Leta ingufu n’amazi,akarenzaho kuba umunyakazu ukomeye.
Aba nibo bari abayobozi bakuru,ariko harimo abanyamigabane nka Ntuyenabo Fideli wari Visi Perezida w’inama iharanira amajyambere,umunyemali Nyakwigendera Rwigara Assinapol,Rwanamiza Antoine, Kalimunda Gerard,Hamud Hassan w’umwarabu akaba n’umukire cyane. Aha rero ngo bakiyishinga byabaye ngombwa ko berekana umushinga wabo muri banki itsura amajyambere ariyo BRD,ariko bagannye banki kugirengo bakoreshe inguzanyo badakomeje gusesagura umutungo wabo. Mu itangizwa rya Sobolirwa imigabane yanganaga na(186.800.000 frw)ariko umushoramali w’umwarabu we yatangije angana(105.000.000 frw) Zigiranyirazo nawe(25.000.000frw)nibwo Banki yabagurizaga angina(140.000.000 frw) ibi byakozwe muri Nyakanga 1987.
Ubwo baje guhabwa andi angana (88.000.000 frw )kandi yo yaje ari inyongera ubwo yahise angana na(228.000.000 frw imbaraga zo mu kazu zashyizeho igitutu abakozi ba Banki bayahabwa vuba na bwangu. Ubuyobozi bwa Banki bwaje gusaba Nzirorera na Zigiranyirazo kwishingira Sosiyete ya Sobolirwa,aha baberekaga ko mugihe Sobolirwa itakwishyura ideni ryazakurwa ku mitungo yabo bagabo bombi.Amakuru twakuye mubali inshuti zabo bagabo ngo baremeye barasinya kugirengo iryo faranga rize baribyaze umusaruro.
Umwe mubahoze bakora mu bucuruzi bwa Sobolirwa yadutangarije ko ifaranga rikimara kuva muri banki rikagera mu maboko yabo banyabubasha muri sosiyete hahise hazamo amakimbirane. Icyo gihe Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera kongeraho na Ntuyenabo wari igikurankota mu kazu k’ubutegetsi bahise bizaniramo abanyamahanga bigizayo abo batangiranye. Icyambere cyazanye ikibazo ni aho abarabu banze icyemezo cya Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera kuko basangaga barashakaga kuyisahura,kuko nta n’ubwo umwarabu yabonaga cyangwa yabwiraga irengero rya ya nguzanyo yatswe. Nk’uko twakomeje tubitangarizwa nabakoze muri Sobolirwa ngo Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera bashatse gukuramo akabo kugirengo bayisige mu kangaratete.
Ubwo rero ngo kuva bagabirwa iryo deni nta munsi n’umwe bigeze bishyura banki.Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’inyandiko zitandukanye ngo ideni ryari kuzarangizwa kwishyurwa 1998 hiyongereyeho 12% ku nyungu. Kugera muri 1989 bari bafite ibirarane bingana (29.000.000 frw)banki itsura amajyambere yari yarashinzwe ije kunganira abashoramali.
Igitugu cy’abanyabubasha bo mu Rwanda kwitwaza isano ugirana n’ingoma nibyo byatumye Zigiranyirazo wari Perezida w’inama y’ubutegetsi ya Sobolirwa na Nzirorera bari kumwe na Ntuyenabo bashaka kuva muri sosiyete muri Kanama tariki 30 /1988,aha rero umwarabu ngo yavumbuye ubugambanyi n’amayeri menshi bakitwaza ko ari abanyamuryango,ikindi bakitwaza ko aribo babitekereje. Intego yabo bagabo bo mukazu yagezweho kuko batawaye imigabane yabo Sobolirwa isigara ari igikankara.
BRD nayo yabonye Sobolirwa yagurijwe n’ikibazo cy’ amafaranga kandi itubahirije amasezerano y’ubwishyu ,harimo ingingo ko ashobora guseswa amafaranga yose akishyurwa igitaraganya.BRD yaregaga Sobolirwa ko itishyuye ,inaregamo Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera bo bayishingiye. Aha rero BRD irega Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera bagirengo iryo deni rivanwe mu mitungo yabo.
Ikirego cyageze mu rukiko 12/nyakanga 1990 rusomwa 16/mata 1991 ko Sobolirwa itsinzwe kandi ko igomba kwisyura amafaranga ya banki angana na (300.000.000 frw). Icyo gihe abari muri Sobolirwa basbaye ko urubanza rwasubirwamo,bityo abayisinyiye ifata ideni bagafatanya kuryishyura. Umunyamategeko wa BRD icyo hihe yasabaga ko bakwishyurwa bakashyiraho n’inyungu zubukererwe. Abasigaye muri Sobolirwa nabo bavuze ko ideni rizishyurwa nabarisinyiye kandi ko bataryemera. Amakuru dufitiye kopi ngo Nzirorera na Zigiranyirazo bazanye umunyamategeko w’umutaliyani aba ariwe ubaburanira.
Uwo mutaliyani waburaniraga Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera yitwaga Domenico Iorio waruzwiho ubuhanga buhanitse mu manza zo muri Afrika muri ibyo bihe,ntiyari wenyine yari hamwe n’undi mugenzi witwaga Mario Spandre.Abanyarwanda barimo Me Mutalikanwa Flecien na Ignace Kamananga bose bari bazi gusesengura imanza.
Ikibazo cyaje kuvuka icyo gihe byabonekaga ko BRD yagendeye ku gitsure iha Sobolirwa inguzanyo idashishoje,kuko batanze amafaranga ku mushinga utari wizwe neza. Aha rero niho hagonze BRD kuko nayo mu nshingano yagombaga kureba niba uwo mushinga wari wizwe neza naho yo yatanze amafaranga gusa itasuzumye. Ububasha bwa Zigiranyirazo na Nzirorera nibwo bwatumye bahabwa inguzanyo hatarebwe niba umushinga wizwe neza. Ikindi kugeza ubu kibazwa ni gute abanyabubasha bahozeho n’ubu bakaba bakiriho.
Ese imitungo yabariya bagabo yarafatiriwe cyangwa ntiyafatiriwe. MRND yarinze ivaho batarishyura. Sobolirwa yarahombye,kandi abayihombeje ntibunguraga igihugu.
Murenzi Louis
