Abafaransa batoje EX-FAR n’interahamwe igihe cy’urugamba rwo kubohoza u Rwanda batsinzwe barabahungisha kugirengo badakurikiranwaho jenoside bakoze.

 Nibiba ukuri igihugu cy’Ubufaransa gishobora kuzishyura abatutsi bishwe 1994. Abasesengura uburyo Perezida w’igihugu cy’Ubufaransa Emmanuel Macron yatangiye gushyiraho amakomisiyo azagenzura inyandiko kiriya gihugu kibitse zerekana uruhare cyagize muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwnada 1994.

Inzirabwoba[photo archieves]

Amakuru ava ahatandukanye yerekana ko azahera kuva urugamba rwo kubohoza u Rwnada rwatangira 1990 kugeza Nyakanga 1994 batsindwa. Igihugu cy’u Bufaransa nka kimwe mu bihangange biyoboye isi ntikigeze cyemera urahare rwacyo muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwnada,aha niho hagiye hazana ikibazo kugeza  buri gihugu gifunze  ambasaderi y’ikindi. U Rwanda rwagiye rwerekana uruhare rw’u Bufaransamuri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ,nabwo bugahakana,ahubwo bugashaka gufata abasirikare bakuru ba FPR bubashinja ko abahanuye indege yari itwaye Perezida Habyarimana Juvenal.

U Bufaransa bwafashije Leta ya Kigali kuva Inkotanyi zakwinjira Kagitumba kugenda zirukana Inzirabwoba kugera hashyirwaho ingoma y’abicanyi yari iyobowe na Sindikubwabo Theodore. Iki kibazo abahangaa mu by’amateka cyangwa bazi gukina flime barakigaragaje.Igihe n’iki rero ngo u Bufaransa bwemere uruhare bwagije muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi. Flime yiswe Rwanda chronique d’un genocideikanakorwa na France 24.

Uyu akaba yaraganirije abantu batandukanye kandi bagize uruhare muri politiki y’u Bufaransa mu gihe cya jenoside yakorerwaga abatutsi mu Rwanda. Uwari Perezida w’igihugu cy’u Bufaransa ariwe Francois Mitterrand byari bizwi ko uwari Perezida w’u Rwanda Gen Habyarimana Juvenal bari inshuti za kadasohoka(inshuti nyanshuti,inshuti magara ntucure)ubu bucuti ni nabwo bwatumye igisirikare cy’u Bufaransa gitoza Inzirabwoba.

Gen Habyarimana yatewe yariteguye,ahubwo Inkotanyi zamuteye ziteguye ziramutsinda.Uko urugamba rwakomeraga ingabo z’u Bufaransa zajyaga kurwana nazo ,ariko zigasanga zitabasha gukumira ibitero by’Inkotanyi. Abafaransa batari mu mugambi wo gukorera abatutsi jenoside batangiye kuwumenya 1991. Igitero kidasanzwe cy’Inkotanyi cyafunguye Gereza ya Ruhengeli muri Gashyantare 1991 nibwo ubutegetsi bwa Kigali bwatangiye gutegura gukorera abatutsi jenoside.

ingabo z'u Bufaransa mu gihe cya jenoside mu Rwanda 1994[photo archieves]

Ibi byemezwa n’inyandiko Gen Jean Varret warushinzwe ubutwererane mu gisirikare cy’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda yamenyesheje ubuyobozi bwe i Paris ko mu Rwanda batangiye gutegura jenoside yo gukorera abatutsi. Ibikorwa byo gutegura jenoside byagiye byigaragaza ,kuko Col Rwagafirita wategekaga Jendarumori y’u Rwanda ngo yaje kwaka intwaro Gen Jean Varret ,nawe amubaz aicyo azishakira kuko abo yategekaga batari bemerwe kujya ku rugamba.

Col Rwagafirita yamubwiye ko ngo bakeneye ibyuka biryani mu maso,ariko ngo nabyo ntibyari bisobanutse. Col Rwagafirita yaje kwerura ngo abwira Gen Varret ati”ntabwo abatutsi ari benshi tuzabarimbura,nahise nikanga. Leta yanjye y’igihugu cy’u Bufaransa yarirengagije kuko yakomeje guha intwaro abateguraga jenoside. Ibyo byakorwaga hagamijwe guca intege FPR yo yarwanyaga MRND nayo igamije kugumana ubutegetsi. Gen Varret yakomeje atangaza ko ubutegetsi bw’igihugu cye cy’u Bufaransa bwari bwiyemeje gukomeza gufasha igisirikare cy’u Rwnada n’ubutegetsi bwacyo buyobowe n’abahutu,aha yahamije ko FPR yagereranywaga nk’abatutsi kandi ko ari abanzi ba MRND.

Icyagaragaye ni uko Gen Varret yaje gutereranwa nabagenzi be. Tariki 8 ukwakira nibwo ibaruwa yanyuze ku munyamabanga mu kuru w’ibiro bya Perezida Francois Mitterrand yemeza ko u Rwanda rwahawe intwaro,aha Inkotanyi zari zimaze iminsi umunani gusa zitangije urugamba rwo kubohora  igihugu,ibi byemejwe na Amiral Laxande. Raporo yemeza ko agatsiko k’intagondwa z’abahutu zitari zishimiye kuvanga na FPR ko ariko kahanuye indege yari itwaye Perezida Habyarimana. Umwanditsi n’umunyamateka Stéphane Audoin-Rouzeau yagize ati “u Bufaransa bukomeza umugambi wabwo wo gushyigikira guverinoma y’Abahutu, idasahaka kubona ko ari abahezanguni barangajwe imbere na Hutu Power, biyemeje gukora ubwicanyi.”Zone Turqouise yazanye ibyayoMuri Jenoside hagati, ku wa 22 Kamena mu 1994, Umuryango w’Abibumbye ubisabwe n’u Bufaransa, wafashe umwanzuro wemerera u Bufaransa kohereza ingabo zabwo mu Rwanda mu cyiswe “Operation Turquoise”, yitirirwaga ibikorwa by’ubutabazi.Hoherejwe mu Rwanda na Zaire indege z’intambara zirenga 30 abasirikare 2500 n’ibindi bikoresho bihambaye ku buryo iyo baba bazanywe n’ubutabazi koko bitari bubananire.

General Jean-Claude Lafourcade wari uyoboye ingabo z’u Bufaransa muri icyo gice, avuga ko baje bafite ibikoreshjo bikomeye kubera ko Amerika yari iherutse gupfusha abasirikare bayo muri Somalia, ku buryo bo bari kubasha kwirengera bibaye ngombwa.Muri icyo gihe kandi Ingabo zari iza FPR Inkotanyi zari zikajije umurego mu bitero byo guhanganga na Guverinoma yateguye Jenoside ari nako bayihagarika.

Nyuma byaje kujya ahabona ko Ingabo z’Abafaransa zinjiye mu Rwanda zifite umugambi wo kurwana na FPR Inkotanyi, kandi byarabaye ariko baratsindwa.Lt Col Guillaume Ancel wari ukuriye abasirikare bakoresha indege, avuga ko hari umunsi bahawe amabwiriza yo kugaba ibitero by’indege kuri FPR hafi y’ishyamba rya Nyungwe.Ati “Twahawe amabwiriza, badusaba kujya ku rundi ruhande rw’ishyamba rya Nyungwe gutega igico ingabo za FPR nizihagera. Batumenyesheje ko abasirikare bari imbere yacu bari hagati ya 1000-1500 bizwi ko batojwe neza, ari abarwanyi bakomeye, kandi twe twari 150.

Kajugujugu zarahagurutse, bivuze ko twagiye tugiye kurwana, nyuma baza kutubwira ko hagiye gushyirwaho igice cy’ubutabazi, ni ubwa mbere twari twumvise iby’ubwo butumwa.”Umwe mu bari mu  basirikare b’u Bufaransa uri mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru ariko wari woherejwe muri Zaire nk’umupilote wa gisirikare, avuga ko bahawe ubu butumwa nubwo yanze gutanga ubuhamya imbere ya za Camera.

Ati “Ku wa 30 Kamena 1994 ku mugoroba ku birindiro bya gisirikare i Kisangani muri Zaire, abasirikare bahawe amabwiriza aturutse i Goma ahari icyicaro gikuru cya Operation Turquoise, bwo kwitegura ibitero byo gutera ingabo mu bitugu abasirikare barwanira  ku butaka.Ku wa 15 Nyakanga 1994, abenshi muri Guverinoa yakoze Jenoside binjiye muri icyo gice cyagenzurwaga n’Abafaransa bahunga FPR yari imaze kubakoma mu nkokora. Bakomezanyije amakamyo ya gisirikare n’imbunda za rutura banabigeza muri Zaire.

.Gen. Lafourcade wari uyoboye ingabo muri Operation Turqouise ngo yabajije icyo gukora kuko mu nshingano zabo hatarimo guta muri yombi.Ibiro Ntaramakuru Reuters ku wa 6 Nyakanga 1994 byaje gusohora inkuru yavugaga ko “Paris yiteguye guta muri yombi abagize guverinoma y’agateganyo” bari bamaze kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bageze mu gice cyagenzurwaga n’Abafaransa.

.Rafaelle Maison, umwarimu w’amategeko mpuzamahanga akaba n’umwanditsi w’igitabo, Pouvoir et Jenoside, we avuga ko hari hakenewe umutimanama kubera ko muri icyo gihe buri wese yari amaze kumenya ko iyo Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho ariyo yari inyuma ya Jenoside, bityo ko u Bufaransa ahubwo bwagombaga kubata muri yombi.Ati “Ntabwo numva ikibazo gihari mu mategeko kubera ko ibihugu byose bigize Umuryango w’Abibumbye byari bihuriye ku masezerano yo kurwanya jenoside yo mu 1948 asaba ibihugu byose kurwanya ibyaha bya jenoside. Alain hamwe n’umugore we Daphrose Gauthier bahamya ko u Bufaransa bwagize uruhare mu gukingira ikibaba abajenosideri, ndetse ngo bamaze guhungira muri Zaire, bamwe bagiye bubahungishiriza mu bindi bihugu.

Alain ati “Bamaze kwambuka umupaka, bamwe muri bo bajyanwe n’indege za gisirikare z’abafarasa muri Cenyrafrique nk’urugero, bajya mu bindi bihugu nka Togo, Cameroon, aho nta muntu uzashobora kubabona. Uwari su-perefe wa Gisagara, ubwo yari mu rukiko yiyemereye ko yavuye muri Congo mu ndege y’abafaransa, ajya muri Centrafrique, yarabyivugiye. Navuga ko atari we wenyine wafashijwe muri ubwo buryo bw’ingendo.”Urukiko mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda rwakoreraga  Arusha, ICTR, rwafunze imiryango rumaze gucira imanza abari bakomeye muri Guverinoma yakoze Jenoside, barimo Jean Kambanda wari Minisitiri w’Intebe, Pauline Nyiramasuhuko wari Minisitiri w’umuryango, abari abakuru mu ngabo n’abandi.

Gusa kugeza ubu hari bamwe mu bakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bari mu Bufaransa ndetse nta n’icyo bishisha, nka Agathe Kanziga Habyarimana, umugore wa Perezida Habyarimana na Colonel Laurent Serubuga wari umugaba wungirije w’ingabo z’u Rwanda mu gihe cya Jenoside.Abandi ni nka Dr Sosthène Munyemana, Laurent Bucyibaruta, Dr Eugène Rwamucyo, Marcel Bivugabagabo, Pierre Tegera, Dr Charles Twagira, Hyacinthe Rafiki Nsengiyumva, Claude Muhayimana na Félicien Baligira.

Ibikorwa byose byakozwe kuva urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwnada rwatangira igihugu cy’uBufaransa cyabigizemo uruhare. Ingabo za FPR uko zagabaga ibitero niko ingabo z’u Bufaransa zifataije n’Inzirabwoba bagabaga ibitero mu Batutsi:Kibilira arinaho Mugesera leon yavugiye ko abatutsi bakwiye gucishwa muri Nyabarongo, Impunzi za Mutura ziciwe i Mudende,Bugesera,Murambi ya Gatete nahandi.

Indege ya Gen Habyarimana imaze guhanurwa hashyizwe mu bikorwa ibyari byarigishijwe. Perezida Emmanuel  w’igihugu cy’ u Bufaransa nakomeza gutya ashobora kuzemera ibyo Mitterrand nabandi bamusimbuye batemeraga.

Nsabimana Francois

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