Ministiri wÔÇÖintebe wa mbere wa Congo wamaze ibyumweru 12 ku buyobozi.

Izina Lumumba  ni amwe mu mazina yubatse amateka mu bayobozi  baba aba Afurika ndetse no ku isi baharaniye ubwijyenge bw’ibihugu byabo bakahasiga ubuzima baharanira kuva mu ngoyi  ya gikoroni  kugirango ibihugu byabo bibone ubwigenge aho bitari byoroshye namba gukuraho ubukoroni mu nkundura y’amashyaka yabaye mu myaka ya 1960.

Lumumba yamenyekanye cyane nyuma y’urupfu rwe, aho abana bagiye bavuka mu riyo myaka bagiye babitirira Lumumba haba mu gihugu cye ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byakundaga deomokarasi. Uyu Lumumba akaba ashirwa mu itsinda ry’izindi ntwari nka KWAME NKURUMAH wo muri Ghana ba JULIYASI NYERERE wo muri Tanzaniya , JOMO KENYATTA wo muri Kenya, NELSON MANDERA Afurika yepfo n’abandi.

                                        Patrice Lumumba

Patrice Émery Lmumba yavutse tariki 2 Nakanga 1925 avukira ahitwa Katakokombe mu cyahoze ari Zaire (ubu DRC) aba ariwe muyobozi waharaniye ubwigenge bwa Kongo buva mu maboko y’Ababirigi bari barakoroneje icyo gihugu kuburyo bari barakise KONGO-MBIRIGI mu yandi magambo bwari Ububirigi bwa kabiri.

Nyuma yaho icyo gihugu kiboneye ubwiginge mu mwaka 1960, Lumumba yaje guhabwa umwanya wa Minisitiri wa mbere w’Intebe w’icyo gihugu perezida ari Joseph Kasa-Vubu ariko nti byamuhiriye uwo mwanya yawumazeho amezi atatu gusa kuva Nyakanga ukagera Nzeri 1960.

                  Umujyi wa Lubumbashi aho Patrice Lumumba yiciwe

Nyuma y’ibyumweru 12 atowe, yaje gufatwa arafungwa nyuma aza kuraswa n’abamurwanyaga babifashijwemo na Leta y’Ububirigi . Mu mwaka 2002 iyo Leta yemeye uruhare yagize mu rupfu rwe yaje kubisabira imbabazi abanyekongo.

Ari umuyobozi w’ishyaka rye rya MNC, mu mwaka 1959 yaje gufatwa arafungwa amezi atandatu aregwa guteza imvururu zirwanya ubukoroni, mu rizo mvururu haje kugwamo abantu 30. Ariko nubwo yafunzwe bwose amatora y’inzego zibanze yabaye muri uwo mwaka ishyaka rye niryo rye niryo ryegukanye itsinzi.

Abanyamuryango b’ishyaka rye bamaze gutorwa bocyeje igitutu Leta y’Ababirigi  yaifnze Lumumba arafungurwa ndetse  ahita ajya no munama yabereye I Buruseli ariyo yemeje ubwigenge bwa kongo bwabaye tariki 30 Kanama 1960.

Muri uwo mwaka habaye amatora yo gushyiraho inzego nkuru z’igihugu  kuva 11-25 Kanama 1960 ishyaka rya MNC ariryo rya Lumumba riba ryegukanye itsinzi hanashyiraho goverinoma Lumumba  ku myaka 34 y’amavuko aba minisitiri w’intebe naho Joseph Kasa- Vubu aba perezida wa mbere wa Kongo.

Nyuma yo kubona ubwigenge, amakimbirane yahise avuka mu banyekongo ubwabo ,icyo gihe Joseph Kabira yari perezida wungirije w’inama y’urubyiruko bwo mu bwoko bwa Abaruba bari bashyigikiye Lumumba, ari nabwo havutse intambara yo gushaka ko Intara ya Gatanga yakwijyenga iyobowe n’uwitwaga Moise Tshombe.

Mu minsi mike Lumumba yari amaze kubutegetsi yahise azamura imishahara y’abakozi bose ba Leta usibye ingabo z’igihugu aricyo cyajekuvamo kwigomeka kw’ingabo kwaje gukwira igihugu cyose arinabwo abazungu barimo bahambira utwabo.

Intara ya Gatanga yaje gufatwa yiha ubwigenge kuwa 11 Nyakanga 1960 iyobowe na  perezida Moise Tshombe ashyigikiwe na Leta y’Ububiligi. N’ubwo ingabo za Loni zaje kwitambika muri izo mvururu ariko nacyo byatanze nibwo Lumumba yasabaga ubufasha ibihugu by’Abasoviete ngo bamuhe ibiribwa, imiti, imodoka ndetse n’indege z’intambara kugirango zitwara ingabo mu ntara ya Katanga bayigaruze mu maboko ya Leta, ariko icyo kintu cyo gusaba imfashanyo ntabwo baje kukivugaho rumwe n’amanyapolitiki bagenzi be bo bifuzaga ko bakumvikana na Tshombe biciye mu biganiro atari intambara.

Mu mwaka 1960 ibintu byakomeje kuba bibi muri Kongo ubwo Perezida Kasavubu yaje kwirukana Lumumba ku mwanya wa Minisitiri w’intebe  ahita amusimbuza undi ariko  nawe  yaje kujya muri Sena abaza aho perezida yakuye ububasha bwo kumwirukana Lumumba ashyigikiwe n’abasenateri nabo bahise bakuraho Kasavubu na minisitiri w’intebe wariwasimbuye Lumumba nawe bahita bamwirukana ubwo igihugu kiba gicitsemo ibice ari nabwo  muri Nzeri  Joseph Mobutu wari umugaba mukuru w’ingabo yafashe ubutegetsi ahita abirukana bombi yaba Lumumba na Kasavubu.

Kuri ubwo butegetsi bwa Mobutu nibwo yahinduye izina rya Kongo Kinshasa ayita Zaire naho izina rye akuraho Joseph Desire asigara yitwa Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga mu Ringara (m╔Ö╦êbu╦Étu╦É ╦ês╔øse╔¬ ╦ês╔øko╩è)

Muri uko gufata ubutegetsi kwa MOBUTU, Lumumba yafungiwe iwe  mu rugo  nawe ahita yitabaza ingabo za Loni ngo zimurinde.Muri uko kurindwa n’ ingabo za Loni nibwo abayoboke be baje kumwiba bamutwara I Kisangani .

Ageze I Kisangani,Lumumba nawe  yashatse gushyiraho goverinoma ye ndetse n’ingabo, ngo Kisangani ibe intara ye,nk’uko Moise Tshombe yari ameze Gatanga naho Mobutu agasigarana Kinshasa, ariko ibyo  ntibyamuhiriye ku itariki 1 Ukuboza 1960 yatawe muri yombi n’ingabo za Mobutu  asubizwa I Kinshasa. Lumumba yasabye ubufasha ingabo za Loni ngo zimutabare ariko izo ngabo ntibyazishobokeye kuko yari mu maboko y’ingabo za Leta.

Agejejwe I Kinshasa, yaje kuregwa ko ariwe watumye ingabo zigaragabya, icyo gihe muri Kongo nubwo abazungu bari batagitegeka, ariko ntamutekano bari bafite ubwabo, ni nabwo hari hatangiye intambara y’ubutita hagati y’ibihugu by’Abasoviete n’ibihugu by’Iburayi bose bitana bamwana ari nako ingabo za Loni zigerageza guhosha iyo mvururu.

Mu minsi ye ya nyuma yo ku itariki 17Mutarama 1961Lumumba yaje kwimurirwa nanone mu ntara ya Katanga icyo giheyayoborwaga na perezida Moise Tshombe ahitwaga Élisabethville, ubu ni Lubumbashi, ariko mu ijoro rye rya nyuma yaje kwimurirwa ahantu hiherereye aho bivugwa ko abaofisiye ba Babirigi aribo  bateguye bakanahagarikira iyicwa rye.

Uko niko Lumumba Patrice yishwe, nyuma y’ibyumweru bitatu nibwo batangaje ko yapfuye, bakimara gutangaza ibyu urupfu rwe hahise habaho imyigaragabyo mu mijyi myinshi yisi berekana ko babajwe niyichwa ry’umunyapolitiki Lumumba ninabwo izina rye ryahise ryamamara ku isi hose.

Amaze kwicwa isi ishakuje Mobutu yategetse ko atabururwa hamwe nabo bicanywe babiri bakimurwa na nyuma yaje gutegeka ko  iyo mibiri bayica ibice bakayishyira muri “Sulfuric acid”kugirango bahishe ibimenyetso.

Lumumba yapfuye afite imyaka 36 asize umugore Paulina Lumumba bashaka 1951 n’umwana umwe uzwi ariwe Guy-Patrice Lumumba na na akete yakozwe ku bamwishe.

GAKWANDI James