Niyihe shusho ya Demokarasi Repubulika yahaye u Rwanda?

Politiki ntigira inshuti kuko iyo ibamo ntabwo Gen Habyarimana yari guhirika Perezida Kayibanda. Aha rero niho hahera  herekanwa ko mu Rwanda nta shusho ya Demokarasi  Repubulika yahaye Abanyarwanda.

Mu nimero yacu y’ubushize twaberetse ukuntu ingoma zasimburanye kuva u Rwanda rubaye Repubulika ,ubu turabereka uko Gen Habyarimana yafashe ubutegetsi ahiritse inshuti ye magara Perezida Kayibanda. Gen Habyarimana mbere yuko Perezida Kayibanda amwizera akamusimbuza ku mwanya wa Minisitri w’ingabo Calliope Mulindahabi yarakuriye igisirikare ku ngoma ya MDR Parimehutu. Yamuhaye uwo mwanya 1965.

Ubucuti bwageze naho babyarana abana mu batisimu.Mu 1975, Habyarimana yasheshe ishyaka rya MDR Parimehutu arisimbuza MRND (Mouvement Révolutionnaire National pour le Développement), iri riba ishyaka rukumbi ryayoboraga igihugu kuva mu 1973 kugeza mu 1991, ubwo hadukaga inkubiri y’amashyaka menshi.

U Rwanda rwayobowe n’igisirikare imyaka itanu yose, kuva mu 1973 kugeza mu 1978, ubwo hemezwaga Itegeko Nshinga rishya. Muri uwo mwaka, Perezida Habyarimana Juvénal yaritoje mu matora kandi yiyamamaza ari umukandida rukumbi, kuko amategeko agenga MRND n’Itegeko Nshinga yari yashyizeho yavugaga ko Perezida wa MRND ari na we ugomba kuba Perezida wa Repubulika.Uko ingoma zisimburana ni nako habonekamwo ibitambo byitwa ibya Demokarasi.

Mu 1972 nibwo hatangiye gututumba ihirikwa ry’ingoma ya MDR Parimehutu.Repubulika ya kabili itangiye kwitegura guhirika iya mbere habanje gushakwa amayeri menshi ashamikiye  kubashobora kuba ibitambo by’iyo Demokarasi yari igiye kuzana andi matwara.Amashuri yisumbuye kugeza kuri Kaminuza i Ruhande hongeweho IPN.Ibi byashyizwe mu bikorwa 1973 kuko abo banyeshuri bigaga muri ayo mashuri bari bibasiwe ,ariko hagendewe ku bwoko. Nk’uko twabitangarijwe na bamwe mubigaga muri ayo mashuri ,ariko bakanga ko amazina yabo yatangazwa badutangarije ko icyiswe imvururu mu mashuri cyibasiye abatutsi bamwe baricwa,abarokotse iryo cumu barahunga. Mu nimero yacu y’ubushize twabaye nkabakomatanya  ingoma zose ariko ubu twaberetse uko MRND yakuyeho MDR Parimehutu .

Umwaka 1973 mu kwezi kwa  Nyakanga tariki 5 nibwo Gen Habyarimana n’itsinda rye riyobowe na maneko Major Lizinde Theoneste bahiritse ingoma ya Kayibanda hamwe nabambari bayo.Abo twaganiriye bakanga ko amazina yabo yatangazwa  badutangarije ko MRND yafashe ubutegetsi iyobowe na Gen Hbayarimana Juvenal hamwe nabandi basirikare bakuru muri FAR,aribo:Lt Col Kanyarengwe Alexis ,abo twaganiriye bantangarije ko Lt Col Kanyarengwe yavuzweho ibikorwa bibi mu gihe cya Repubulika ya mbere kuko ngo yari yarihiye  ko atazavugana n’umututsi ataramera umusatsi,aha ngo Inyenzi zirwana n’inzirabwoba 1967 zamukuruye hasi ayoboye inzirabwoba.

Nk’uko twakomeje tubitangarizwa Lt Col Kanyarengwe yaje kunaniranwa na Gen Habyarimana aramuhunga agaruka amurwanya,aha rero niho berekanira ko politiki nta nshuti igira,nta n’umwanzi igira.Lt Col Nsekalije Aloys,uyu mugabo nawe yavuzweho kuba igishyitsi mu ngoma ya MRND kuko yanyaze uwo yanze agabira uwo akunze  ,kugeza naho agabirwa Minisiteri y’uburezi yubaka amashuri yisumbuye iyo iwabo nka Rambura Filles na Rambura Garcon iyo Gisenyi mu tundi duce ahubaka CERAI.Aha hose niko Repubulika itagiraga Demokarasi ,ahubwo habonekagamo ibitambo.

Lt Col Benda Sabin uyu nta mateka menshi yagize muri MRND.Major Serubuga Laurent umwe mubayoboye igisirikare cya FAR akagenzura ko nta mututsi winjiramo. Major Ruhashya Epimaque umututsi rukumbi warwanije Inyenzi kuva hajyaho Repubulika ya mbere kugeza akorera Perezida Kayibanda Coup d’etat.Major Buregeya Boneventure nawe nta bindi yavuzweho bihambeye. Major Gahimano nawe uretse kuba yaravuzwe muri cumi n’umwe bahiritse MDR Parimehutu ntahandi yongeye kumvikana. Major Munyandekwe ,Major Ntibitura ntabindi bikorwa bavuzwemo. MAJOR Simba Aloys we yabaye mu nzego z’ubutegetsi bwa MRND kugeza akora jenoside akaba afungiwe mu rukiko mpanabyaha ARUSHA.Uko wakwicwa kose uba uri umunyarwanda.

Aha rero niho haje kwerekana ko ntashusho ya Demokarasi u Rwanda rwigeze rugira. Ingoma zikimara guhindura imirishyo habaye gufunga Perezida Kayibanda kugeza bamwiciye iwe mu rugo.Abo mu ishyaka rya MDR Parimehutu abanze kuyoboka MRND barafunzwe abandi bakurwa mu kazi bagenda bapfa urusorongo. Bamwe mu banyuramatwi ngo babanje kubabazwa ni uko babasenyeye ikipe yitwaga DMR FC.

Ubutegetsi bwa MRND nabwo ntibwatinzemo kuko havutse Ruhengeli iyobowe na Col Kanyarengwe yungirijwe na Major Lizinde bashaka guhirika ubutegetsi bwa Gisenyi ya Gen Habyarimana n’akazu ke.Iyi coup d’etat ntabwo yaje guhira Col Kanyarengwe n’agatsiko ke kuko we yarahunze abandi barimo Major Lizinde na Commandat Biseruka barafatwa barafungwa bakatirwa burundu.

Col Kanyarengwe yagannye iyo mu nkotanyi  anabona uburyo bwo kugaba igitero mu Ruhengeli afungura amashimi ye nk’uko twayavuze haruguru.Ibyaranze ingoma ya MRND ,harimo igisirikare cy’ubwoko bumwe,harimo ikimenyane mu mashuri no mu kazi.Ubucuruzi kuri bose,haba mu rwego rwo gutwara abagenzi n’ibindi.

Ingoma ya MRND yageze mu kwezi k’ukwakira 1990 iterwa na FPR nabyo tuzabibereka mu nimero itaha.Ingoma ya MRND yaje gufunga ibyitso,irabitoteza irabyica yaje kurangira ikoze jenoside. Iyi nimwe mu nzira imwe  yerekana ko nta Demokarasi yazanywe na Repubulika mu Rwanda.

Kimenyi Claude