U Rwanda kubufatanye n’abaterankunga inzara ishobora gucika burundu mu karere ka Kirehe.

Umushinga wa ETI mu magambo arambuye mu rurimi rw`Icyongerereza “Export Targeted Modern Irrigated Agriculture Project” niwo ugiye kuhakorera hakoreshejwe kuvomera ibihingwa kuburyo bugezweho mu byanya biri mu mirenge ya Mpanga na Mahama mu Karere ka Kirehe mu Ntara y`Uburasirazuba.

 Uyu mushinga bigaragara ko uzaba igisubizo cy’abaturage mu gihe izuba ryavaga bakicwa n’inzara.Amakuru atugeraho yitangirwa n’abagenerwabikorwa n’ agaragaza ko  amasezerano

y`u mushinga yasinywe muri 2013 ariko uza gutangira neza mu mwaka wa 2015 aho hatangiye gukorwa inyigo z`ibanze (feasibility study), mbere yo gutangira bwo   gushaka ba Rwiyemezamirimo batandukanye.Amakuru duhabwa n`abaturage  batandukanye batubwira ko uyu mushinga wari waradindiye kubera amabwiriza y`umuterankunga ajyanye n’uburyo bwo  gutanga amasoko yagomba kwubahirizwa ,ariko nanone hakiyongeraho ibirego byakunze kugaragara kuruhande rwa ba Rwiyemezamirimo batashoboye gutsindira amasoko. Ibi byose byaje kurangira umushinga ushyirwa mu bikorwa none abaturage bahawemo akazi ,abandi nabo batangiye gutegura uko bazahinga bagakizwa n’ubuhinzi.

Biragaragara ko aho umushinga ugeze utangiye kwihuta. Urugero ni nko ku cyanya cya Mpanga aho amazi afatirwa ku ruzi rw’Akagera  hatangiye kwubakwa ibikorwa bifatika bikaba bimaze kugaragara.

Twagiranye ikiganiro n’ushinzwe ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu karere ka Kirehe ariwe Nsengimana Janvier aduha amakuru yose yukuntu umushinga waje nicyo uzafasha abaturage ayobora.

Nsengimana yadutangarije ko umushinga  ukorera mu mirenge ya Mpanga,Nasho,Mahama na Nyamugali ukaba ukorera kuri ha 5000,ariko ukaba ukorera kuri ha 824.Uyu mushinga ukaba waraje ku bitekerezo by’abaturage bahoraga bagaragaza ko iyo izuba rivuye ari ryinshi ibihingwa byabo byumira mu milima bakagira amapfa inzara ikabica.Ubu bagiye kujya bahinga gatatu mu mwaka mugihe hari n’igihe bahingaga rimwe mu mwaka nabwo ntibyere  kubera ibura ry’imvura.Igihingwa gikunze guhingwa muri kariya gace kazakoreramo uriya mushinga n’ikihe?NJ:hakunze guhingwa ibihingwa bitandukanye,ariko ibigoli n’inyanya nibyo biza ku isonga,kandi nk’urwego rw’ubuhinzi dushishikariza abahinzi guhinga kijyambere bakoresha ifumbire mva ruganda hamwe n’imborera kugirengo umusaruro wiyongere.Uyu mushinga nurangira muteganya  ko buri muturage uba muri koperetive azajya yishyura amafaranga angana gute?NJ:Umuturage azishyura bivuye ku nama ya koperative niyo izagena uko umunyamuryango azatanga umusanzu ,kuko ibikoresho iyo bishaje biba bigomba ibibisimbura,kongeraho n’abakozi bazaba babikoresha buri munsi.

Ushinzwe ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu karere ka Kirehe arakangurira abahinzi bagiye guhabwa umushinga uvomerera imyaka ko bagomba kuzawubyaza umusaruro.Ubushakashatsi bushamikiye ku iterambere ry’umuturage rishingira ku buhinzi n’ubworozi,aha rero hakaba hagiye kuba igisubizo cy’umusaruro waburaga icyukora ukangirika. Hazubakwa uruganda ruzajya rutunganya inyanya,aho kugirengo zigurishwe mu tudobo.Ibi rero byarishimiwe cyane haba ku rwego rw’ubuyobozi n’urw’abaturage kuko inzara igiye gucika.

Ubuhinzi ni inkingi y’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda aho abanyarwanda bagera kuri 90% batunzwe n’ubuhinzi. Mu cyaro 98% by’ingo zikora ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi. Aho abenshi bakora ubuhinzi bugamije kubona ibibatunga  ku buryo bwa gakondo kandi ingamba igihugu kihaye kikaba ari uguhindura hagakorwa ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere butanga umusaruro uhagije wabafasha mu kwihaza mu biribwa no gusagurira amasoko bityo ubukungu bw’igihugu bukazamuka binyujijwe mu kugabanya ibikomoka mu mahanga. Uko igihugu cyagiye kivugurura ubuhinzi ni nako ubucuruzi bw’umusaruro wububikomokaho   wagiye wiyongera ugera ku kigero cya 21% uvuye kuri 15%.

Ubuhinzi bw’imboga ugera kuri 39%, nk’uko bigaragazwa na rapro y’abatikenisiye yo muri 2012.Iri zamuka mu bucuruzi no mu bukungu biturutse ku bikorwa by’ubuhinzi bigaragazwa n’umubare munini w’abaturage bakora cyangwa bahabwa akazi mu bikorwa byawo.Akarere ka Kirehe ni kamwe mu Turere tw’Intara y’Iburasirazuba  karangwamo izuba ryinshi kandi rikunze kuva amezi menshi kurusha ay’ imvura igwa bityo bigatuma umusaruro w’imyaka ugabanuka mu gihe, imvura itabonekeye igihe cyangwa ikaboneka idahagije. Mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ izuba ryinshi rigabanya umusaruro w’ ubuhinzi no kugira ngo hongerwe ubuso bwuhirwa imusozi kugira  ngo abahinzi bazajye babasha kuhira imyaka yabo igihe cy’ izuba hagamijwe kubungabunga  umusaruro w’ibihingwa bihingwa imusozi nk’imbuto n’ imboga, Mu Karere ka Kirehe hashyizweho gahunda yo kunganira abahinzi kuri 50% bakabona ibikoresho byo kuhira ku buso buto (DDS 2018-2024) .Akarere ka kirehe kandi ni kamwe mu turere dufite amahirwe menshi yakwifashishwa mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no guhinga imyaka hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuhira.

Muri ayo mahirwe dusangamo Umugezi w’Akagera unyura mu Mirenge ya Gatore, Kigarama, Nyamugali, Musaza, Mahama, Mpanga na Nasho, ibiyaga bya Rwampanga, Cyambwe, Rwakigeri na Nyabugongwe kimwe n’imigezi mito ituruka mu misozi byafasha abahinzi kuhira imyaka mu gihe bagezwaho ibikorwa remezo byifashishwa mu kuzamura amazi iyageza mu mirima.Intego nyamukuru ya Mbere ni ukongera umusaruro w’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi bikora mu buryo bugezweho bwongera umusaruro (Maximizing and increasing production and productivity of agriculture and livestock by modernizing agriculture and livestock).

Ku bijyanye no guteza imbere ibikorwa byo kuhira imyaka, ingingo ya 34, igaragaza ko ubuso bwuhirwa ku rwego rw’igihugu buzava kuri 48, 508 ha (2017) bukagera kuri 102,284 ha (2024) bikazagerwahobinyujijwe mu guteza imbere imikoreshereze myiza y’uburyo bushya bwo kuhira burimo no guteza imbere amakoperative y’abahinzi n’ay’abakoresha amazi (Water Users Association)hariho gahunda yo kuzamura ubuso bwuhirwa imusozi  bukava kuri 3,511.67  Ha muri 2017  bukagera kuri 7000Ha mu mwaka wa 2024, bikazagerwaho binyuzemu gutunganya ubuso bunini bwuhirwa no gukangurira abahinzi kuhira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuhira ku buso buto.

Muri Gahunda za Leta (VISION 2020 na SDGs) ubuhinzi bwongera umusaruro rusange w’ imbere mu Gihugu ku kigero cya 32.7% no kongera ubukungu  kuri 11.5% ubuhinzi bukazamuka 8.5% ku mwaka hagamijwe kwihaza mubiribwa, gusagurira isoko no kugabanya ubukene kugera munsi ku kigero cya 30%, imwe mu ntego za SGDs ni uko nta nzara igomba kubaho kandi ubukene bugomba gucika, kubera ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru kongera umusaruro ntibyashoboka mu gihe abahinzi badahinga igihe cyose mu mvura no mu zuba, bityo mu zuba bikaba bisaba kuhira.Gukora iki gikorwa cyo kuhira bizatuma umusaruro w’imyaka izaba yuhiwe wiyongera. Abahinzi babonye umusaruro uhagije bazajya bajyana ku masoko, babone amafaranga yo gukemura ibibazo byabo bya buri munsi, ndetse bakore n’ibindi bikorwa bibateza imbere.Ibi bigaragazwa na raporo ya Minisiteri y’imali ni igenamigambi yo muri Mutarama 2015.

 

1. Akamaro ?Kongera umusaruro w’ibihingwa : Iyi gahunda yo kongera ubuso bwuhirwa hatunganywa ibyanya byuhirwa izatuma umusaruro wiyongera kuko hazahingwa ibihingwa byatoranyijwe ku buso buhuje  hakoreshejwe inyongeramusaruro na tekiniki zigezweho mu buhinzi.Kuzamura ubukungu : Abahinzi bazahinga mu cyanya kizatunganywa bazabasha kwikura mu bukene biturutse ku musaruro mwiza kandi mwinshi uzaturuka ku bihingwa bizahahingwa mu bihembwe bitatu by’ihinga (A, B na C) kuko bazabasha gusagurira amasoko.Guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere : Iyi gahunda izafasha abahinzi guhinga badahanze amaso ikirere kuko imirima ihegereye yose izajya ihingwa ibihe byose kandi ntibangamirwe n’izuba kuko hazakoreshwa amazi atemba aturutse mu mugezi w’Akagera.Iyasuwe:Imirimo yo kubaka ahazakorerwa n’abakozi b’Umushinga n’amatsinda y’abahinzi

• Imirimo yo gutunganya icyanya cyuhirwa (Excavation & construction works on Storage Tank and Main Pumping Station, etc)
• Imirimo yo kurwanya isuri no kubungabunga imisozi ihanamiye icyanya kizuhirwa (Watershed Management works)

Gutunganya icyanya cyuhirwa.

 

No	IGIKORWA	IBIKORWA BYOSE BITEGANYIJWE KUGIRA NGO UMUSHINGA UTANGIRE GUTANGA UMUSARURO	IBYAKOZWE	IJANISHA (%)
1	Kubaka amazu azaturamo abakozi, ibiro by’umushinga na laboratwari ipima ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho	Gutunganya Site no kubaka amazu	Hamaze kubwakwa amazu azaturwamo n’abakozi 10, ibiro 1 na Laboratwari 1. Amazu yararangiye hari gukorwa ubusitani
	Gukurikirana ibikorwa byo kwishyura imitungo y’abaturage bagizweho ingaruka n’ibikorwa byo gutunganya icyanya cyuhirwa	Kubarura no kwishyura imitungo izagirwaho ingaruka n’ibikorwa by’umushinga	1.Aho amatiyo azanyura harangije gupimwa hasigaye kugena agaciro k’ibizishyurwa 2.Ahazubakwa uruganda naho harangije gutoranywa
	Gukora ubukangurambaga n’amahugurwa buri gihembwe ku buhinzi bwa kijyambere hibandwa ku: 1. Gukoresha neza amazi 2. Kubungabunga ibikorwa remezo byo kuhira 3. Gufasha abahinzi kwibumbira hamwe mu matsinda	1. Inama z’ubukangurambaga 2. Inama cyangwa amahugurwa ku kubungabunga ibikorwa remezo hateganyijwe amasomo 8n’ingendoshuri 2 3. Kubumbira abahinzi muri Koperative no gushyiraho umuryango w’abakoresha amazi (WUO)	1. Abaturage bagera kuri 720 bamenyeshejwe ibikorwa by’umushinga n’uruhare rwabo binyuze mu nteko z’abaturage n’izindi nama n’ubuyobozi bw’Umushinga n’ubw’Akarere (80%) 2. Abahinzi 210 bahagarariye abandi bahuguwe amasomo 5/8 (62.5%) kuri ibi bikurikira: -Imiyoborere n’inshingano z’abayobozi b’amatsinda -Gukorera hamwe no kwita ku bikorwa remezo byo kuhirira binyuze mu muryango w’abakoresha amazi (WUAs) -Kubaka ubushobozi no gukemura amakimbirane aturuka ku mikoreshereze y’amazi – Ubugenzuzi bukorerwa Koperaive n’umuryango w’abakoresha amazi – Hakozwe urugendoshuri aho abahinzi 55 bahagariye abandi basuye icyanya cyuhirwa cya Nyagatare 3. Hakozwe amatsinda 33 y’abahinzi baturuka muri zone 6 ahuza abahinzi 1,005 bazahinga mu cyanya cyuhirwa kiri gutunganywa bikaba bigeze kuri 40%. 4. Inama na Koperative Kimaranzara yifuzaga guhabwa gucunga icyanya cyuhirwa
	Gushyira mu cyanya cyuhirwa ibikorwaremezobikoreshwa mu kuhira birimo : 1. Imashini zizamura amazi (Pumping stations) 2. Ibigega bibika amazi (Reservoir tanks) 3. Gukora imihanda mu cyanya cyuhirwa	Gushyira mu cyanya cyuhirwa ibikorwaremezo bikoreshwa mu kuhira birimo : 1. Imashini zizamura amazi (Pumping stations) 2. Ikigega bibika amazi (Reservoir tanks) 3. Gukora imihanda mu cyanya cyuhirwa	1. Hacukuwe ahazubakwa ahazafatirwa amazi (1st and 2nd pump house) bingana na 100% 2. Hubatswe ahazubakwa ahafatirwa amazi (1st pump house) bigeze kuri 48% aho hari kuzamurwa inkuta n’inkingi (Walls and Columns) 3. Hubatwe ahazamurirwa amazi (2nd Pump House) aho ibikorwa bigeze ku kubaka inkuta n’inkingi no kumena igisenge (Walls, Columns and slab) bigeze ku kigero cya 66%. 4. Kubaka ikigega kiyungurura amazi (Sedimentation tank) bikaba bitaratangira gukorwa : 0% 5. Kubaka ikigega kibika amazi (Storage tank) : hasijijwe aho kizubakwa bingana na 27%
	Imashini zitwara amazi n’izikoreshwa mu kuhira (Pipelines, Pivots, Sprinklers, etc)	Imashini zitwara amazi n’izikoreshwa mu kuhira (Pipelines, Pivots, Sprinklers, etc)	Imashini zitwara amazi n’izikoreshwa mu kuhira (Pipelines, Pivots, Sprinklers, etc) : Hemejwe inyigo n’ibikoresho bizakoreshwa no kugaragaza aho amatiyo azanyura (10%)
06	Imikoreshereze y’ingengo y’imari	Umushinga wose uzakoresha miliyoni 120.05 z’amadorari (bingana na 104,875,911,754.12RWF). Ku buso bungana na 824ha mu Murenge wa Mpanga hazakoreshwa 14,488,377,687.40Frw	Ku mirimo yo gutunganya ubuso bungana na 824ha mu Murenge wa Mpanga, hamaze gukoreshwa ingengo y’imari ingana na 2,831,426,805.19 hakiyongeraho ayatanzwe ku bikorwa byo kuzana umuriro no kwimura abagizweho ingaruka n’umushinga hakaba hamaze gukoreshwa ingengo y’imari ingana na 3,138,003,941 Frw	20%

 

 

1. KUBUNGABUNGA ICYOGOGO GIHANAMIYE UBUSO BUZUHIRWA

 

No	IGIKORWA	IBIKORWA BYOSE BITEGANYIJWE KUGIRA NGO UMUSHINGA UTANGIRE GUTANGA UMUSARURO	IBYAKOZWE	IJANISHA (%)
	hakorwa : 1.Amaterasi yikora (Terrace progressives) 2.Amaterasi y’indinganire (Terrace radicales) 3. Amaterasi y’ibirundo (Soil bands)	1.Amaterasi yikora (Progressive Terraces) kuri 135ha 2.Amaterasi y’indinganire (Bench terraces ) kuri 30h  3. Amaterasi y’ibirundo (Soil bands) kuri 135ha	1. Amaterasi yikora (Progressive Terraces) kuri 42.7/135ha=31.6% 2. Amaterasi y’indinganire (Bench terraces) kuri       17.7/30ha=59% 3. Amaterasi y’ibirundo (Soil bands) kuri 56.63/135ha=41.2%
	Gutera ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka ku nkengero z’amaterasi no mu mirima	Gutera ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka kuri 355ha	Hamaze guterwa ubuso bungana na 172.03/355
	Gutera ibiti by’imbuto	Gutera ibiti by’imbuto kuri 20ha	Hamaze guterwa ingemwe z’imyembe na avoka Ku buso bungana20/20Ha
	Kurwanya isuri hifashishijwe amabuye (Dry stones)	Kubaka ibirundo by’amabuye 110	Hamaze kubakwa ibirundo by’amabuye110
	Kubaka ibikuta by’amabuye bifata amazi (Gabions)	Kubaha 20	Hubatswe 11
	Kubaka ibyobo bifata amazi (water retention dams)	Hateganyijwe kubakwa 2	Hamaze kubakwa 0

 

Icyitonderwa :

Muri rusange imirimo yose imaze gukorwa mu cyanya cyuhirwa (gutunganya icyanya cyuhirwa no kurwanya isuri) igeze ku kigero cya 49.85% kandi ibikorwa birakomeje.

1. Nyuma yo kugaragaza imbogamizi zateye idindira mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umushinga harimo kuba haratanzwe avance bitinze (03/01/2018) amaserano yagombaga kurangira tariki ya 15/01/2019 yongerewe igihe kugeza kuwa 30/06/2019.

Amaterasi yakozwe mu Murenge wa Mpanga

Nyuma yo gusura ibikorwa byo kurwanya isuri no gutunganya icyanya cyuhirwa cya Mpanga itsinda ryakoze isuzuma ryatanze inama zikurikira:

1. Kurwanya isuri

• Gusimbuza ibiti byumye n’ibyangiritse
• Kwihutisha kubumbira hamwe abahinzi muri Koperative n’umuryango w’abakoresha amazi
•  
• Kwihutisha imirimo yo gukora amaterasi, agaterwamo ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka n’ibyatsimu kurushaho kuyabungabunga.

 

1. Ibikorwa byo kuhirira imyaka

• Kwihutisha gahunda yo kugura no kugeza ibikoresho n’imashini bizakoreshwa mu kuhira (Pompes, tuyaux,pivots, sprinklers,etc)
• Kwihutira imirimo yo gukora ubusitani n’amasuku imbere mu mazu kugira ngo atangire gukoreshwa/ guturwamo.
• Kwihutisha inyubako n’imiyoboro bizifashishwa mu kuhira (Pump Houses, Storage tank,Pipelines, etc). Buri muturage utuye mu mirenge izakoreramo umushinga wuhira imyaka tuganira yatangarije ikinyamakuru ingenzinyayo .com ko basubijwe ku kibazo cy’inzara yari ibugarije igihe kinini. Abahawe akazi mu mushinga bo batangarije itangazamakuru ko ubuyobozi bwiza bw’igihugubwabatekerejeho bukaba bubahaye igisubizo kiramye ku bijyanye no guhinganta guhingira imvura nayo yagwaga nabi.Undi muturage we yadutangarije ko agace kabo kera buri gihingwa cyose ,ariko kubera amapfa agenda yagendaga abibasira bahoranaga inzara itava ku miryango yabo.Uyu mushinga nurangira nkuko biteganywa uzaba ukemuye ikibazo cy’ubukeneku batuye aho uzakorera 94,4%.Abanyarwanda batuye mu tundi duce natwo dukunda guhura n’ikibazo cy’ibura ry’imvura hakaba amapfa barasaba ko nabo babagoboka.
• ingenzinyayo com